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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Brain Fog</span></h1>
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#99CCFF; color:#000000; text-align:center; font-size:115%; border:2px solid #99CCFF;">Klassifikation nach <a href="ICD-11" title="ICD-11">ICD-11</a>
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<td style="min-width:8ex;">MB20.2
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<td>Bewusstseinstrübung
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<td colspan="2" style="border-top:0.2ex solid #CCCCCC; padding:.4ex 1ex .4ex 0; text-align:center; vertical-align:top;">ICD-11: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse/latest-release/mms/en">Englisch</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bfarm.de/DE/Kodiersysteme/Klassifikationen/ICD/ICD-11/uebersetzung/_node.html">Deutsch (Entwurf)</a>
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<p><b>Brain Fog</b> (<span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="Deutsche_Sprache" title="Deutsche Sprache">deutsch</a></span> <span lang="de-Latn">Gehirnnebel, Hirnnebel</span>) beschreibt Störungen der geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit, vor allem im Kontext von <a href="Postakutes_Infektionssyndrom" title="Postakutes Infektionssyndrom">postakuten Infektionssyndromen</a> wie <a href="Long_COVID" title="Long COVID">Long COVID</a> bzw. dem Post-COVID-Syndrom oder <a href="Myalgische_Enzephalomyelitis/Chronisches_Fatigue-Syndrom" title="Myalgische Enzephalomyelitis/Chronisches Fatigue-Syndrom">Myalgischer Enzephalomyelitis/Chronischem Fatigue-Syndrom</a> (ME/CFS).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typisch sind beispielsweise <a href="Konzentrationsst%C3%B6rung" title="Konzentrationsstörung">Konzentrations-</a> und <a href="Ged%C3%A4chtnisst%C3%B6rung" title="Gedächtnisstörung">Gedächtnisstörungen</a> sowie <a href="Sprachst%C3%B6rung" title="Sprachstörung">Störungen der Sprache</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die damit einhergehenden Einschränkungen können leicht ausgeprägt sein oder zu schweren Beeinträchtigungen führen.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2></div>
<p>Die Bezeichnung <i>Brain Fog</i> ist sowohl umgangssprachlich als auch in wissenschaftlicher Literatur gebräuchlich, stellt aber keine eigenständige Diagnose dar.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eine einheitliche medizinische oder wissenschaftliche Definition und Abgrenzung zu anderen kognitiven Störungen gibt es nicht.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Im Zusammenhang mit <a href="COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> und Langzeitfolgen einer <a href="SARS-CoV-2" title="SARS-CoV-2">SARS-CoV-2</a>-Infektion wird auch die Bezeichnung <i>Neuro-COVID</i> für neurologische Manifestationen verwendet, zu denen auch neuropsychiatrische und neurokognitive Ausprägungen wie Brain Fog gehören.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symptome">Symptome</h2></div>
<p>Symptome, die als Brain Fog beschrieben werden, sind unter anderem:
</p>
<ul><li>„Klebriges“<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und verlangsamtes Denken,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Konzentrationsst%C3%B6rung" title="Konzentrationsstörung">Konzentrationsstörungen</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (vor allem reduzierte <a href="Aufmerksamkeit" title="Aufmerksamkeit">Aufmerksamkeit</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-:9_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Ged%C3%A4chtnisst%C3%B6rung" title="Gedächtnisstörung">Gedächtnisstörungen</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (vor allem des <a href="Kurzzeitged%C3%A4chtnis" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurzzeitgedächtnis">Kurzzeitgedächtnisses</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-:9_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Wortfindungsst%C3%B6rung" class="mw-redirect" title="Wortfindungsstörung">Wortfindungsstörungen</a>, Artikulationsstörungen und verwaschene Sprache,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Störungen der Informations- und <a href="Reizverarbeitung" class="mw-redirect" title="Reizverarbeitung">Reizverarbeitung</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Störungen <a href="Psychomotorisch" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychomotorisch">psychomotorischer</a> Funktionen,<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Störungen <a href="Exekutive_Funktionen" title="Exekutive Funktionen">exekutiver Funktionen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:9_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Schwierigkeiten, <a href="Multitasking_(Psychologie)" title="Multitasking (Psychologie)">mehrere Aufgaben gleichzeitig zu erledigen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:4_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Schwierigkeiten mit räumlicher Wahrnehmung und Orientierung<sup id="cite_ref-:9_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und</li>
<li>verzögerte Reaktionen.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<p>Im Falle von <a href="Myalgische_Enzephalomyelitis/Chronisches_Fatigue-Syndrom#Schweregrade" title="Myalgische Enzephalomyelitis/Chronisches Fatigue-Syndrom">schwerer ME/CFS</a> kann die Fähigkeit zu kommunizieren erheblich eingeschränkt sein.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Möglicherweise ist Kommunikation nur mit Unterstützung oder gar nicht mehr möglich.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pathophysiologie_und_weitere_Ursachen">Pathophysiologie und weitere Ursachen</h2></div>
<p>Die genauen Entstehungsmechanismen nach Infektionskrankheiten sind unbekannt. Diskutiert werden unter anderem Störungen des <a href="Zentralnervensystem" title="Zentralnervensystem">zentralen Nervensystems</a> wie eine Neuroinflammation, eine direkte Infektion des zentralen Nervensystems, <a href="Autoimmunit%C3%A4t" class="mw-redirect" title="Autoimmunität">Autoimmunität</a>, Reaktivierungen von <a href="Herpesviren" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpesviren">Herpesviren</a>, <a href="Durchblutungsst%C3%B6rung" title="Durchblutungsstörung">Durchblutungsstörungen</a> und <a href="Hypoxie_(Medizin)" title="Hypoxie (Medizin)">Sauerstoffmangel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>(Neuro-)kognitive Störungen im Sinne von Brain Fog können auch bei anderen Krankheiten wie der <a href="Schilddr%C3%BCsenunterfunktion" class="mw-redirect" title="Schilddrüsenunterfunktion">Schilddrüsenunterfunktion</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> oder <a href="Psychische_St%C3%B6rung" title="Psychische Störung">psychischen Erkrankungen</a><sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> auftreten. Teilweise sind andere Bezeichnungen etabliert: So ist bei der <a href="Fibromyalgie" title="Fibromyalgie">Fibromyalgie</a> der Begriff <i>Fibrofog</i> üblich,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> während oder nach einer <a href="Krebstherapie" class="mw-redirect" title="Krebstherapie">Krebsbehandlung</a> wird die Bezeichnung <i><a href="Chemobrain" title="Chemobrain">Chemobrain</a></i> verwendet.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnostik">Diagnostik</h2></div>
<p>Bei kognitiven Störungen im Rahmen von <a href="Long_COVID" title="Long COVID">Long COVID</a> bzw. dem Post-COVID-Syndrom sind der Ausschluss von <a href="Differenzialdiagnose" class="mw-redirect" title="Differenzialdiagnose">Differenzialdiagnosen</a> wie einer <a href="Demenz" title="Demenz">Demenz</a> und das Erfragen weiterer Symptome besonders wichtig.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In der fachspezifischen Abklärung wird eine <a href="Neuropsychologische_Diagnostik" title="Neuropsychologische Diagnostik">neuropsychologische Untersuchung</a> inklusive des <a href="Montreal_Cognitive_Assessment" title="Montreal Cognitive Assessment">Montreal-Cognitive-Assessment-Tests</a> empfohlen. Unter Umständen werden <a href="Blutuntersuchung" title="Blutuntersuchung">Blutuntersuchungen</a>, eine <a href="Lumbalpunktion" title="Lumbalpunktion">Lumbalpunktion</a> und eine Bildgebung des Gehirns mittels <a href="Magnetresonanztomographie" title="Magnetresonanztomographie">Magnetresonanztomographie</a> durchgeführt.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Die mit Brain Fog einhergehenden Symptome und Einschränkungen sind jedoch durch konventionelle Tests derzeit nicht gut abbildbar.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In wissenschaftlicher Literatur wird darauf hingewiesen, dass neuropsychologische Messinstrumente für <a href="Neurodegenerative_Erkrankung" title="Neurodegenerative Erkrankung">neurodegenerative Erkrankungen</a> und <a href="Hirntrauma" class="mw-redirect" title="Hirntrauma">traumatische Hirnschädigungen</a> nicht geeignet sein könnten, um die Einschränkungen zu erfassen.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Therapie">Therapie</h2></div>
<p>Bisher gibt es keine etablierten Therapien, es wird vor allem auf nicht-medikamentöse Maßnahmen verwiesen.
</p><p>Teilweise wird kognitives Training empfohlen, wobei gesicherte Daten dazu fehlen.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tritt Brain Fog in Verbindung mit einer <a href="Post-exertionelle_Malaise" title="Post-exertionelle Malaise">post-exertionellen Malaise</a> (Zustandsverschlechterung nach Belastung) auf, soll <a href="Pacing_(Energiemanagement)#Kognitives_Pacing" title="Pacing (Energiemanagement)">kognitives Pacing</a> erfolgen.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Pacing_(Energiemanagement)" title="Pacing (Energiemanagement)">Pacing</a> ist ein individuelles Energiemanagement mit dem Ziel, eine Zustandsverschlechterung durch körperliche, kognitive oder emotionale Überlastung zu vermeiden.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kognitives Pacing kann beispielsweise bedeuten, nicht mehrere Aufgaben gleichzeitig zu erledigen.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Manchmal werden <a href="Off-Label-Use" title="Off-Label-Use">Off-Label</a>-Medikamente eingesetzt.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zugrundeliegende Erkrankungen, wie das <a href="Posturales_orthostatisches_Tachykardiesyndrom" class="mw-redirect" title="Posturales orthostatisches Tachykardiesyndrom">posturale (orthostatische) Tachykardiesyndrom</a> oder das <a href="Mastzellaktivierungssyndrom" title="Mastzellaktivierungssyndrom">Mastzellaktivierungssyndrom</a>, sollten entsprechend behandelt werden.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bei einer <a href="Orthostatische_Intoleranz" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthostatische Intoleranz">orthostatischen Intoleranz</a> kann es hilfreich sein, kognitive Tätigkeiten im Liegen auszuführen.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li>Amolak Singh Bansal et al.: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Cognitive Dysfunction in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome—Aetiology and Potential Treatments</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">International Journal of Molecular Sciences</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>26</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5</span>, Februar 2025, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1–21</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26051896">10.3390/ijms26051896</a></span> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Cognitive+Dysfunction+in+Myalgic+Encephalomyelitis%2FChronic+Fatigue+Syndrome%E2%80%94Aetiology+and+Potential+Treatments&rft.au=Amolak+Singh+Bansal+et+al.&rft.date=2025-02&rft.doi=10.3390%2Fijms26051896&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Molecular+Sciences&rft.pages=1-21&rft.volume=26" style="display:none"> </span></li>
<li><a href="Michelle_Monje" title="Michelle Monje">Michelle Monje</a>, Akiko Iwasaki: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">The neurobiology of long COVID</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Neuron</cite>. Volume 110, Issue 21, Oktober 2022, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3484–3496</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.006">10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.006</a></span> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=The+neurobiology+of+long+COVID&rft.au=Michelle+Monje%2C+Akiko+Iwasaki&rft.date=2022-10&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.neuron.2022.10.006&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=Issue+21&rft.jtitle=Neuron&rft.pages=3484-3496&rft.volume=Volume+110" style="display:none"> </span></li>
<li>Marika Möller et al.: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Cognitive dysfunction in post-COVID-19 condition: Mechanisms, management, and rehabilitation</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Journal of Internal Medicine</cite>. Volume 294, Issue 5, November 2023, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>563–581</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13720">10.1111/joim.13720</a></span> (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Cognitive+dysfunction+in+post-COVID-19+condition%3A+Mechanisms%2C+management%2C+and+rehabilitation&rft.au=Marika+M%C3%B6ller+et+al.&rft.date=2023-11&rft.doi=10.1111%2Fjoim.13720&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=Issue+5&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Internal+Medicine&rft.pages=563-581&rft.volume=Volume+294" style="display:none"> </span></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2022/09/long-covid-brain-fog-symptom-executive-function/671393/"><i>One of Long COVID’s Worst Symptoms Is Also Its Most Misunderstood,</i></a> Artikel von Ed Yong über Brain Fog in <i><a href="The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a>.</i> 12. September 2022 (englisch).</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pschyrembel.de/Brain%20Fog/A0U59/doc/"><i>Brain Fog.</i></a> In: <i><a href="Pschyrembel_(Medizinisches_W%C3%B6rterbuch)" title="Pschyrembel (Medizinisches Wörterbuch)">Pschyrembel</a> Online.</i> Januar 2024, abgerufen am 24. September 2024.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:3-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Michelle Monje, Akiko Iwasaki: <cite style="font-style:italic">The neurobiology of long COVID</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Neuron</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>110</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>21</span>, November 2022, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220896-6273%22&key=cql">0896-6273</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3484</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.006">10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.006</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36288726?dopt=Abstract">PMID 36288726</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537254/">PMC 9537254</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=The+neurobiology+of+long+COVID&rft.au=Michelle+Monje%2C+Akiko+Iwasaki&rft.date=2022-11&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.neuron.2022.10.006&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0896-6273&rft.issue=21&rft.jtitle=Neuron&rft.pages=3484&rft.pmc=9537254&rft.pmid=36288726&rft.volume=110" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-5">f</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Herbert Renz-Polster, Carmen Scheibenbogen: <cite style="font-style:italic">Post-COVID-Syndrom mit Fatigue und Belastungsintoleranz: Myalgische Enzephalomyelitis bzw. Chronisches Fatigue-Syndrom</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Die Innere Medizin</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>63</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>8</span>, 1. August 2022, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%222731-7099%22&key=cql">2731-7099</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>833</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-022-01369-x">10.1007/s00108-022-01369-x</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35925074?dopt=Abstract">PMID 35925074</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9281337/">PMC 9281337</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Post-COVID-Syndrom+mit+Fatigue+und+Belastungsintoleranz%3A++Myalgische+Enzephalomyelitis++bzw.+Chronisches+Fatigue-Syndrom&rft.au=Herbert+Renz-Polster%2C+Carmen+Scheibenbogen&rft.date=2022-08-01&rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs00108-022-01369-x&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=2731-7099&rft.issue=8&rft.jtitle=Die+Innere+Medizin&rft.pages=833&rft.pmc=9281337&rft.pmid=35925074&rft.volume=63" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine: <cite style="font-style:italic">Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection</cite>. National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. 2024, ISBN 978-0-309-71860-8, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>68<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>f</span>., <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17226/27756">10.17226/27756</a></span> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.au=National+Academies+of+Sciences%2C+Engineering%2C+and+Medicine&rft.btitle=Long-Term+Health+Effects+of+COVID-19%3A+Disability+and+Function+Following+SARS-CoV-2+Infection&rft.date=2024&rft.doi=10.17226%2F27756&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780309718608&rft.pages=68+f.&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Academies+Press" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Marika Möller, Kristian Borg, Christer Janson et al.: <cite style="font-style:italic">Cognitive dysfunction in post‐COVID‐19 condition: Mechanisms, management, and rehabilitation</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Internal Medicine</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>294</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5</span>, November 2023, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220954-6820%22&key=cql">0954-6820</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>564</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13720">10.1111/joim.13720</a></span> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Cognitive+dysfunction+in+post%E2%80%90COVID%E2%80%9019+condition%3A+Mechanisms%2C+management%2C+and+rehabilitation&rft.au=Marika+M%C3%B6ller%2C+Kristian+Borg%2C+Christer+Janson+et+al.&rft.date=2023-11&rft.doi=10.1111%2Fjoim.13720&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0954-6820&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Internal+Medicine&rft.pages=564&rft.volume=294" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine: <cite style="font-style:italic">Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection</cite>. National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. 2024, ISBN 978-0-309-71860-8, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>69</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17226/27756">10.17226/27756</a></span> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.au=National+Academies+of+Sciences%2C+Engineering%2C+and+Medicine&rft.btitle=Long-Term+Health+Effects+of+COVID-19%3A+Disability+and+Function+Following+SARS-CoV-2+Infection&rft.date=2024&rft.doi=10.17226%2F27756&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780309718608&rft.pages=69&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Academies+Press" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:6-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:6_7-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:6_7-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Susanne Rabady, Kathryn Hoffmann, Martin Aigner et al.: <cite style="font-style:italic">Leitlinie S1 für das Management postviraler Zustände am Beispiel Post-COVID-19</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Wiener klinische Wochenschrift</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>135</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, 1. Juli 2023, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221613-7671%22&key=cql">1613-7671</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>540</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-023-02242-z">10.1007/s00508-023-02242-z</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37555900?dopt=Abstract">PMID 37555900</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10504206/">PMC 10504206</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Leitlinie+S1+f%C3%BCr+das+Management+postviraler+Zust%C3%A4nde+am+Beispiel+Post-COVID-19&rft.au=Susanne+Rabady%2C+Kathryn+Hoffmann%2C+Martin+Aigner+et+al.&rft.date=2023-07-01&rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs00508-023-02242-z&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1613-7671&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Wiener+klinische+Wochenschrift&rft.pages=540&rft.pmc=10504206&rft.pmid=37555900&rft.volume=135" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Michelle Monje, Akiko Iwasaki: <cite style="font-style:italic">The neurobiology of long COVID</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Neuron</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>110</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>21</span>, November 2022, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220896-6273%22&key=cql">0896-6273</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3492</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.006">10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.006</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36288726?dopt=Abstract">PMID 36288726</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537254/">PMC 9537254</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=The+neurobiology+of+long+COVID&rft.au=Michelle+Monje%2C+Akiko+Iwasaki&rft.date=2022-11&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.neuron.2022.10.006&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0896-6273&rft.issue=21&rft.jtitle=Neuron&rft.pages=3492&rft.pmc=9537254&rft.pmid=36288726&rft.volume=110" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carmen Scheibenbogen, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Anett Reißhauer et al.: <i>Myalgische Enzephalomyelitis/Chronisches Fatigue-Syndrom: Interdisziplinär versorgen.</i> In: <i><a href="Deutsches_%C3%84rzteblatt" title="Deutsches Ärzteblatt">Deutsches Ärzteblatt</a>.</i> Band 120, Nr. 20, 19. Mai 2023, S. A-910, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.aerzteblatt.de/archiv/231286/Myalgische-Enzephalomyelitis-Chronisches-Fatigue-Syndrom-Interdisziplinaer-versorgen">https://www.aerzteblatt.de/archiv/231286/Myalgische-Enzephalomyelitis-Chronisches-Fatigue-Syndrom-Interdisziplinaer-versorgen</a> (abgerufen am 24. September 2024).</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:9-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:9_10-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:9_10-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:9_10-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:9_10-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Anita Chopra, Nicholas Franko, Eric J. Chow: <cite style="font-style:italic">Navigating neurologic post-COVID-19 conditions in adults: Management strategies for cognitive dysfunction, headaches and neuropathies</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Life Sciences</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>362</span>, 1. Februar 2025, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220024-3205%22&key=cql">0024-3205</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2025.123374">10.1016/j.lfs.2025.123374</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Navigating+neurologic+post-COVID-19+conditions+in+adults%3A+Management+strategies+for+cognitive+dysfunction%2C+headaches+and+neuropathies&rft.au=Anita+Chopra%2C+Nicholas+Franko%2C+Eric+J.+Chow&rft.date=2025-02-01&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.lfs.2025.123374&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0024-3205&rft.jtitle=Life+Sciences&rft.pages=4&rft.volume=362" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:5-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:5_11-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:5_11-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">S3-<a href="Medizinische_Leitlinie" title="Medizinische Leitlinie">Leitlinie</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://register.awmf.org/de/leitlinien/detail/053-002"><i>Müdigkeit</i></a> der <a href="Deutsche_Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_Allgemeinmedizin_und_Familienmedizin" title="Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin">Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin</a>. In: <a href="Arbeitsgemeinschaft_der_Wissenschaftlichen_Medizinischen_Fachgesellschaften" title="Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften">AWMF online</a> (Stand Dezember 2022), S. 57.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:4-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_12-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_12-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng206/resources/myalgic-encephalomyelitis-or-encephalopathychronic-fatigue-syndrome-diagnosis-and-management-pdf-66143718094021">Myalgic encephalomyelitis (or encephalopathy)/chronic fatigue syndrome: diagnosis and management</a></i> (PDF; 0,5 MB), NICE guideline NG206, <a href="National_Institute_for_Health_and_Care_Excellence" title="National Institute for Health and Care Excellence">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence</a>, 29. Oktober 2021, S. 12, abgerufen am 24. September 2024.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jose G. Montoya, Theresa G. Dowell, Amy E. Mooney, Mary E. Dimmock, Lily Chu: <cite style="font-style:italic">Caring for the Patient with Severe or Very Severe Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Healthcare</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>9</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>10</span>, Oktober 2021, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%222227-9032%22&key=cql">2227-9032</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101331">10.3390/healthcare9101331</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34683011?dopt=Abstract">PMID 34683011</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8544443/">PMC 8544443</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Caring+for+the+Patient+with+Severe+or+Very+Severe+Myalgic+Encephalomyelitis%2FChronic+Fatigue+Syndrome&rft.au=Jose+G.+Montoya%2C+Theresa+G.+Dowell%2C+Amy+E.+Mooney%2C+...&rft.date=2021-10&rft.doi=10.3390%2Fhealthcare9101331&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=2227-9032&rft.issue=10&rft.jtitle=Healthcare&rft.pages=3&rft.pmc=8544443&rft.pmid=34683011&rft.volume=9" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng206/resources/myalgic-encephalomyelitis-or-encephalopathychronic-fatigue-syndrome-diagnosis-and-management-pdf-66143718094021">Myalgic encephalomyelitis (or encephalopathy)/chronic fatigue syndrome: diagnosis and management</a></i> (PDF; 0,5 MB), NICE guideline NG206, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 29. Oktober 2021, S. 51, abgerufen am 27. September 2024.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Michelle Monje, Akiko Iwasaki: <cite style="font-style:italic">The neurobiology of long COVID</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Neuron</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>110</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>21</span>, November 2022, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220896-6273%22&key=cql">0896-6273</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3484–3496</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.006">10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.006</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36288726?dopt=Abstract">PMID 36288726</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537254/">PMC 9537254</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=The+neurobiology+of+long+COVID&rft.au=Michelle+Monje%2C+Akiko+Iwasaki&rft.date=2022-11&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.neuron.2022.10.006&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0896-6273&rft.issue=21&rft.jtitle=Neuron&rft.pages=3484-3496&rft.pmc=9537254&rft.pmid=36288726&rft.volume=110" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marika Möller, Kristian Borg, Christer Janson et al.: <cite style="font-style:italic">Cognitive dysfunction in post‐COVID‐19 condition: Mechanisms, management, and rehabilitation</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Internal Medicine</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>294</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5</span>, November 2023, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220954-6820%22&key=cql">0954-6820</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>567–570</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13720">10.1111/joim.13720</a></span> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Cognitive+dysfunction+in+post%E2%80%90COVID%E2%80%9019+condition%3A+Mechanisms%2C+management%2C+and+rehabilitation&rft.au=Marika+M%C3%B6ller%2C+Kristian+Borg%2C+Christer+Janson+et+al.&rft.date=2023-11&rft.doi=10.1111%2Fjoim.13720&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0954-6820&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Internal+Medicine&rft.pages=567-570&rft.volume=294" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mary H. Samuels, Lori J. Bernstein: <cite style="font-style:italic">Brain Fog in Hypothyroidism: What Is It, How Is It Measured, and What Can Be Done About It</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Thyroid</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>32</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>7</span>, 1. Juli 2022, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221050-7256%22&key=cql">1050-7256</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>752–763</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2022.0139">10.1089/thy.2022.0139</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35414261?dopt=Abstract">PMID 35414261</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9469742/">PMC 9469742</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Brain+Fog+in+Hypothyroidism%3A+What+Is+It%2C+How+Is+It+Measured%2C+and+What+Can+Be+Done+About+It&rft.au=Mary+H.+Samuels%2C+Lori+J.+Bernstein&rft.date=2022-07-01&rft.doi=10.1089%2Fthy.2022.0139&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1050-7256&rft.issue=7&rft.jtitle=Thyroid&rft.pages=752-763&rft.pmc=9469742&rft.pmid=35414261&rft.volume=32" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tyler Bell, Zina Trost, Melissa T. Buelow, Olivio Clay et al.: <cite style="font-style:italic">Meta-analysis of cognitive performance in fibromyalgia</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>40</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>7</span>, 9. August 2018, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221380-3395%22&key=cql">1380-3395</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>698</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2017.1422699">10.1080/13803395.2017.1422699</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29388512?dopt=Abstract">PMID 29388512</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6151134/">PMC 6151134</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Meta-analysis+of+cognitive+performance+in+fibromyalgia&rft.au=Tyler+Bell%2C+Zina+Trost%2C+Melissa+T.+Buelow%2C+...&rft.date=2018-08-09&rft.doi=10.1080%2F13803395.2017.1422699&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1380-3395&rft.issue=7&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+and+Experimental+Neuropsychology&rft.pages=698&rft.pmc=6151134&rft.pmid=29388512&rft.volume=40" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vanishree Rao, Rashmi Bhushan, Priyanka Kumari, Sri Pragnya Cheruku, V. Ravichandiran, Nitesh Kumar: <cite style="font-style:italic">Chemobrain: A review on mechanistic insight, targets and treatments</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Advances in Cancer Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>155</span>. Elsevier, 2022, ISBN 978-0-323-90087-4, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>29–76</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acr.2022.04.001">10.1016/bs.acr.2022.04.001</a></span> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Chemobrain%3A+A+review+on+mechanistic+insight%2C+targets+and+treatments&rft.au=Vanishree+Rao%2C+Rashmi+Bhushan%2C+Priyanka+Kumari%2C+...&rft.btitle=Advances+in+Cancer+Research&rft.date=2022&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fbs.acr.2022.04.001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780323900874&rft.pages=29-76&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.volume=155" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Susanne Rabady, Kathryn Hoffmann, Martin Aigner et al.: <cite style="font-style:italic">Leitlinie S1 für das Management postviraler Zustände am Beispiel Post-COVID-19</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Wiener klinische Wochenschrift</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>135</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, 1. Juli 2023, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221613-7671%22&key=cql">1613-7671</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>572 und S. 583</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-023-02242-z">10.1007/s00508-023-02242-z</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37555900?dopt=Abstract">PMID 37555900</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10504206/">PMC 10504206</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Leitlinie+S1+f%C3%BCr+das+Management+postviraler+Zust%C3%A4nde+am+Beispiel+Post-COVID-19&rft.au=Susanne+Rabady%2C+Kathryn+Hoffmann%2C+Martin+Aigner+et+al.&rft.date=2023-07-01&rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs00508-023-02242-z&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1613-7671&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Wiener+klinische+Wochenschrift&rft.pages=572+und+S.+583&rft.pmc=10504206&rft.pmid=37555900&rft.volume=135" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">S2k-<a href="Medizinische_Leitlinie" title="Medizinische Leitlinie">Leitlinie</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://register.awmf.org/de/leitlinien/detail/030-144"><i>Neurologische Manifestationen bei COVID-19</i></a> der <a href="Deutsche_Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_Neurologie" title="Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie">Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie</a>. In: <a href="Arbeitsgemeinschaft_der_Wissenschaftlichen_Medizinischen_Fachgesellschaften" title="Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften">AWMF online</a> (Stand Januar 2024), S. 111.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Susanne Rabady, Kathryn Hoffmann, Martin Aigner et al.: <cite style="font-style:italic">Leitlinie S1 für das Management postviraler Zustände am Beispiel Post-COVID-19</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Wiener klinische Wochenschrift</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>135</span>, S4, Juli 2023, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220043-5325%22&key=cql">0043-5325</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>540</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-023-02242-z">10.1007/s00508-023-02242-z</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37555900?dopt=Abstract">PMID 37555900</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10504206/">PMC 10504206</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Leitlinie+S1+f%C3%BCr+das+Management+postviraler+Zust%C3%A4nde+am+Beispiel+Post-COVID-19&rft.au=Susanne+Rabady%2C+Kathryn+Hoffmann%2C+Martin+Aigner+et+al.&rft.date=2023-07&rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs00508-023-02242-z&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0043-5325&rft.issue=S4&rft.jtitle=Wiener+klinische+Wochenschrift&rft.pages=540&rft.pmc=10504206&rft.pmid=37555900&rft.volume=135" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine: <cite style="font-style:italic">Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection</cite>. National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. 2024, ISBN 978-0-309-71860-8, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>70</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17226/27756">10.17226/27756</a></span> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.au=National+Academies+of+Sciences%2C+Engineering%2C+and+Medicine&rft.btitle=Long-Term+Health+Effects+of+COVID-19%3A+Disability+and+Function+Following+SARS-CoV-2+Infection&rft.date=2024&rft.doi=10.17226%2F27756&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780309718608&rft.pages=70&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Academies+Press" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:7-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:7_24-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:7_24-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Trisha Greenhalgh, Manoj Sivan, Alice Perlowski, Janko Ž Nikolich: <cite style="font-style:italic">Long COVID: a clinical update</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">The Lancet</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>404</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>10453</span>, August 2024, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220140-6736%22&key=cql">0140-6736</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>9</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736%2824%2901136-x">10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01136-x</a></span> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Long+COVID%3A+a+clinical+update&rft.au=Trisha+Greenhalgh%2C+Manoj+Sivan%2C+Alice+Perlowski%2C+...&rft.date=2024-08&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fs0140-6736%2824%2901136-x&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0140-6736&rft.issue=10453&rft.jtitle=The+Lancet&rft.pages=9&rft.volume=404" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:8-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:8_25-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:8_25-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Susanne Rabady, Kathryn Hoffmann, Martin Aigner et al.: <cite style="font-style:italic">Leitlinie S1 für das Management postviraler Zustände am Beispiel Post-COVID-19</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Wiener klinische Wochenschrift</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>135</span>, S4, Juli 2023, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220043-5325%22&key=cql">0043-5325</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>583</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-023-02242-z">10.1007/s00508-023-02242-z</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37555900?dopt=Abstract">PMID 37555900</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10504206/">PMC 10504206</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Leitlinie+S1+f%C3%BCr+das+Management+postviraler+Zust%C3%A4nde+am+Beispiel+Post-COVID-19&rft.au=Susanne+Rabady%2C+Kathryn+Hoffmann%2C+Martin+Aigner+et+al.&rft.date=2023-07&rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs00508-023-02242-z&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0043-5325&rft.issue=S4&rft.jtitle=Wiener+klinische+Wochenschrift&rft.pages=583&rft.pmc=10504206&rft.pmid=37555900&rft.volume=135" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kathryn Hoffmann, Astrid Hainzl, Michael Stingl: <cite style="font-style:italic">Interdisziplinäres, kollaboratives D-A-CH Konsensus-Statement zur Diagnostik und Behandlung von Myalgischer Enzephalomyelitis/Chronischem Fatigue-Syndrom</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Wiener klinische Wochenschrift</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>136</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5</span>, 1. Mai 2024, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221613-7671%22&key=cql">1613-7671</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>113<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>f</span>., <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-024-02372-y">10.1007/s00508-024-02372-y</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38743348?dopt=Abstract">PMID 38743348</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11093804/">PMC 11093804</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Interdisziplin%C3%A4res%2C+kollaboratives+D-A-CH+Konsensus-Statement+zur+Diagnostik+und+Behandlung+von+Myalgischer+Enzephalomyelitis%2FChronischem+Fatigue-Syndrom&rft.au=Kathryn+Hoffmann%2C+Astrid+Hainzl%2C+Michael+Stingl&rft.date=2024-05-01&rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs00508-024-02372-y&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1613-7671&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Wiener+klinische+Wochenschrift&rft.pages=113+f.&rft.pmc=11093804&rft.pmid=38743348&rft.volume=136" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kathryn Hoffmann, Astrid Hainzl, Michael Stingl et al.: <cite style="font-style:italic">Interdisziplinäres, kollaboratives D-A-CH Konsensus-Statement zur Diagnostik und Behandlung von Myalgischer Enzephalomyelitis/Chronischem Fatigue-Syndrom</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Wiener klinische Wochenschrift</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>136</span>, S5, Mai 2024, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220043-5325%22&key=cql">0043-5325</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>116</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-024-02372-y">10.1007/s00508-024-02372-y</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38743348?dopt=Abstract">PMID 38743348</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11093804/">PMC 11093804</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Interdisziplin%C3%A4res%2C+kollaboratives+D-A-CH+Konsensus-Statement+zur+Diagnostik+und+Behandlung+von+Myalgischer+Enzephalomyelitis%2FChronischem+Fatigue-Syndrom&rft.au=Kathryn+Hoffmann%2C+Astrid+Hainzl%2C+Michael+Stingl+et+al.&rft.date=2024-05&rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs00508-024-02372-y&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0043-5325&rft.issue=S5&rft.jtitle=Wiener+klinische+Wochenschrift&rft.pages=116&rft.pmc=11093804&rft.pmid=38743348&rft.volume=136" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lucinda Bateman, Alison C. Bested, Hector F. Bonilla et al.: <cite style="font-style:italic">Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Essentials of Diagnosis and Management</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Mayo Clinic Proceedings</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>96</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>11</span>, November 2021, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220025-6196%22&key=cql">0025-6196</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2872</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.07.004">10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.07.004</a></span> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Brain+Fog&rft.atitle=Myalgic+Encephalomyelitis%2FChronic+Fatigue+Syndrome%3A+Essentials+of+Diagnosis+and+Management&rft.au=Lucinda+Bateman%2C+Alison+C.+Bested%2C+Hector+F.+Bonilla+et+al.&rft.date=2021-11&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.mayocp.2021.07.004&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0025-6196&rft.issue=11&rft.jtitle=Mayo+Clinic+Proceedings&rft.pages=2872&rft.volume=96" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
</ol></div>
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